Some say that steel boats are better than aluminum. Others argue that they are only suitable for cruising vessels. It’s time to clarify the characteristics of this type of boat and evaluate which types of steel boats make the most sense to purchase.
The History of Steel Boats
Steel became a very popular material for cruising boats in the 1970s. It is known for its exceptional strength, and the ability to be welded almost anywhere—a significant advantage over aluminum boats, which require specialized welding skills.
The history of steel boats often diverges from that of sailing enthusiasts, as steel hulls are generally much heavier than those made from wood or aluminum.
Types of Steel Hulls
Similar to many wooden hulls, a large number of steel yachts have been built using the hard chine method, which is the simplest and most straightforward system. Alternatively, a steel boat can be constructed using preformed plates that are rolled to create a curved shape that follows the lines of the hull.
In the latter case, the number of welds is reduced, making the boat less susceptible to rust.
Advantages of a Steel Boat
- Great Comfort at Sea: Steel boats often provide a comfortable and stable ride.
- Resistance to Sharp Rocks and Coral Heads: They can withstand harsher conditions compared to other materials.
- Ease of Welding Anywhere in the World: Repairs can be made easily with the right skills.
Disadvantages of a Steel Boat
- Rust Vulnerability: Steel boats can rust quickly if not properly maintained, so caution is essential.
- Weight: They are typically heavier than boats made from other materials.
- Condensation Issues: If the inner hull is unpainted, it can lead to internal condensation, which can be bothersome and cause corrosion in critical areas of the boat’s structure.
Maintenance and Rust Prevention
A crucial step for the proper maintenance of a steel boat is the initial treatment of the inner hull and the continuous upkeep of the outer hull and superstructure.
The steel plates must be thoroughly cleaned and free of oxides and welding carbon before applying any primer. Only special paints should be used to ensure that the hull remains rust-free for most of its lifespan.
After applying the primer, the metal hull should be insulated for both acoustic and thermal protection. If not properly insulated, a large metal hull can resonate like a giant bell, certainly making it difficult to sleep peacefully at night.
Attention to Galvanic Corrosion
Another important consideration for metal hulls is the contact zone between two different metals. If these metals are electrically connected and immersed in an electrolyte, such as saltwater, galvanic corrosion can occur, potentially leading to the separation of metal parts.
The countermeasures are straightforward: first, avoid electrically connecting all metal components with a single large ground cable.
Secondly, it’s essential to use anodes correctly, informally known as “zincs,” to help mitigate galvanic corrosion.
Have you decided to buy a steel boat? That sounds like an excellent choice, provided it has been well considered and guided by an expert.
Some things are best not to tackle alone, especially since no one wants to find themselves with a rusty boat a few years after the purchase.